PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

CRACKER BARREL OLD COUNTRY STORE, INC.

Loyalty Program

During the first quarter of 2024, the Company launched its customer loyalty program, Cracker Barrel Rewards, which allows members to earn points (“pegs”) for each qualifying purchase in store or online. Pegs earned are then converted to rewards upon reaching certain thresholds. These rewards may be redeemed on future restaurant or retail purchases in store or online.

The estimation of the standalone selling price of pegs and other rewards issued to customers involves several assumptions, primarily the estimated value of the product for which the reward is expected to be redeemed and the probability that the pegs or reward will expire. These inputs are subject to change over time due to factors such as increased costs or changes in customer behavior.

The Company defers a portion of the revenue related to the pegs earned at the time of the original transaction based on the estimated value of the item for which the reward is expected to be redeemed, net of estimated unredeemed pegs. Pegs expire after twelve months. Revenue is recognized for these performance obligations upon redemption of pegs or rewards earned by the customer. As of October 27, 2023, deferred revenue related to the loyalty program was $419 and is included in other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

ITEM 2.

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Cracker Barrel Old Country Store, Inc., and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company,” “our” or “we”) are principally engaged in the operation and development in the United States of the Cracker Barrel Old Country Store® (“Cracker Barrel”) concept.  As of October 27, 2023, we operated 661 Cracker Barrel stores in 45 states and 60 Maple Street Biscuit Company (“MSBC”) locations in ten states.

All dollar amounts reported or discussed in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) are shown in thousands, except per share amounts and certain statistical information (e.g., number of stores).  References to years in MD&A are to our fiscal year unless otherwise noted.

MD&A provides information which management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.  MD&A should be read in conjunction with the (i) condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and (ii) audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 28, 2023 (the “2023 Form 10-K”).  Except for specific historical information, many of the matters discussed in this report may express or imply projections of items such as revenues or expenditures, estimated capital expenditures, compliance with debt covenants, plans and objectives for future operations, store economics, inventory shrinkage, growth or initiatives, expected future economic performance or the expected outcome or impact of pending or threatened litigation.  These and similar statements regarding events or results which we expect will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements that, by their nature, involve risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results and performance to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statements.  All forward-looking information is provided pursuant to the safe harbor established under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and should be evaluated in the context of these risks, uncertainties and other factors.  Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “trends,” “assumptions,” “target,” “guidance,” “outlook,” “opportunity,” “future,” “plans,” “goals,” “objectives,” “expectations,” “near-term,” “long-term,” “projection,” “may,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “potential,” “should,” “projects,” “forecasts” or “continue”  (or the negative or other derivatives of each of these terms) or similar terminology.  We believe the assumptions underlying any forward-looking statements are reasonable; however, any of the assumptions could be inaccurate, and therefore, actual results may differ materially from those projected in or implied by the forward-looking statements.  In addition to the risks of ordinary business operations, and those discussed or described in this report or in information incorporated by reference into this report, factors and risks that may result in actual results differing from this forward-looking information include, but are not limited to risks and uncertainties associated with inflationary conditions with respect to the price of commodities, transportation, distribution and labor; disruptions to our restaurant or retail supply chain; the COVID-19 pandemic, including the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its ultimate impact on our business; our ability to identify, acquire and sell successful new lines of retail merchandise and new menu items at our restaurants; our ability to sustain or the effects of plans intended to improve operational or marketing execution and performance; the effects of increased competition at our locations on sales and on labor recruiting, cost, and retention; consumer behavior based on negative publicity or changes in consumer health or dietary trends or safety aspects of our food or products or those of the restaurant industry in general, including concerns about outbreaks of infectious disease, as well as the possible effects of such events on the price or availability of ingredients used in our restaurants; the effects of our indebtedness and associated restrictions on our financial and operating flexibility and ability to execute or pursue our operating plans and objectives; changes in interest rates, increases in borrowed capital or capital market conditions affecting our financing costs and ability to refinance our indebtedness, in whole or in part; our reliance on limited distribution facilities and certain significant vendors; information technology-related incidents, including data privacy and information security breaches, whether as a result of infrastructure failures, employee or vendor errors, or actions of third parties; changes in or implementation of additional governmental or regulatory rules, regulations and interpretations affecting tax, wage and hour matters, health and safety, animal welfare, pensions, insurance or other undeterminable areas; the effects of plans intended to promote or protect our brands and products; the actual results of pending, future or threatened litigation or governmental investigations and the costs and effects of negative publicity or our ability to manage the impact of social media associated with these activities; the impact of activist shareholders; our ability to enter successfully into new geographic markets that may be less familiar to us; changes in land, building materials and construction costs; the availability and cost of suitable sites for restaurant development and our ability to identify those sites; our ability to retain key personnel; the ability of and cost to us to recruit, train, and retain qualified hourly and management employees; uncertain performance of acquired businesses, strategic investments and other initiatives that we may pursue from time to time; the effects of business trends on the outlook for individual restaurant locations and the effect on the carrying value of those locations; general or regional economic weakness, business and societal conditions and the weather impact on sales and customer travel; discretionary income or personal expenditure activity of our customers; economic or psychological effects of natural disasters or other unforeseen events such as terrorist acts, social unrest or war and the military or government responses to such events; changes in foreign exchange rates affecting our future retail inventory purchases; workers’ compensation, group health and utility price changes; implementation of new or changes in interpretation of existing accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), and those factors contained in Part I, Item 1A of the 2023 Form 10-K, as well as the factors described under “Critical Accounting Estimates” on pages 23-25 of this report or, from time to time, in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), press releases and other communications.

Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements made in this report because the statements speak only as of the report’s date.  Except as may be required by law, we have no obligation or intention to update or revise any of these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances occurring after the date of this report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.  Readers are advised, however, to consult any future public disclosures that we may make on related subjects in reports that we file with or furnish to the SEC or in our other public disclosures.

Overview

Management believes that Cracker Barrel’s brand remains one of the strongest and most differentiated brands in the restaurant industry, and we plan to continue to leverage and build on that strength as a core competitive component of our business strategy.  Our long-term strategy remains centered on driving sustainable sales growth, continued business model improvements, building profitable Cracker Barrel and MSBC stores, and driving shareholder returns.

During the first quarter of 2024, we continued to make progress in key areas of the business, such as store-level operational excellence, improving the guest experience, enhancing our menu and marketing, maintaining a strong value proposition, growing our off-premise business, launching our Cracker Barrel Rewards loyalty program, providing unique retail merchandise and thoughtfully expanding MSBC.

We believe there is significant uncertainty surrounding the macroeconomic outlook for the coming quarters, but we remain focused on delivering long-term growth and returns for shareholders.

Key Performance Indicators

Management uses a number of key performance measures to evaluate our operational and financial performance, including the following:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

These performance indicators exclude the impact of new store openings and sales related to MSBC.

We use comparable store sales metrics as indicators of sales growth to evaluate how our established stores have performed over time.  We use comparable restaurant guest traffic increase/(decrease) to evaluate how established stores have performed over time, excluding growth achieved through menu price and sales mix change.  Finally, we use average check per guest to identify trends in guest preferences, as well as the effectiveness of menu changes.  We believe these performance indicators are useful for investors by providing a consistent comparison of sales results and trends across comparable periods within our core, established store base, unaffected by results of store openings, closings, and other transitional changes.

Results of Operations

The following table highlights our operating results by percentage relationships to total revenue for the quarter ended October 27, 2023 as compared to the same period in the prior year:

The following table sets forth the change in the number of units in operation during the quarters ended October 27, 2023 and October 28, 2022 as well as the number of units at the end of the quarters ended October 27, 2023 and October 28, 2022:

Total Revenue

Total revenue for the first quarter of 2024 decreased 1.9% as compared to the same period in the prior year.  The following table highlights the key components of revenue for the quarter ended October 27, 2023 as compared to the same period in the prior year:

⁽¹⁾ Average unit volumes include sales of all stores except for MSBC.

⁽²⁾ Comparable store sales and traffic consist of sales of stores open at least six full quarters at the beginning of the period and are measured on comparable calendar weeks.  Comparable store sales and traffic exclude MSBC.

For the first quarter of 2024, our comparable store restaurant sales decreased as a result of a 7.1% guest traffic decrease partially offset by a 6.6% average check increase (including a 6.8% average menu price increase) as compared to the prior year period.  Our retail sales are made substantially to our restaurant guests.  For the first quarter of 2024, our comparable store retail sales decrease resulted primarily from the guest traffic decrease.  The traffic decrease reflects lower consumer demand due to the impact of macroeconomic factors, including inflationary pressures, higher interest rates, higher consumer debt levels, lower savings rates and the risk of recession.  During the first quarter of 2024, we experienced sequential monthly improvements in traffic which we believe was largely driven by actions taken to improve the effectiveness of our marketing and our emphasis on the guest experience.

Cost of Goods Sold (Exclusive of Depreciation and Rent)

The following table highlights the components of cost of goods sold (exclusive of depreciation and rent) in dollar amounts and as percentages of revenues for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year:

 

The decrease in restaurant cost of goods sold as a percentage of restaurant revenue in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year was primarily the result of commodity deflation of 2.3% as compared to significant commodity inflation of 16.7% the prior year quarter.  We presently expect the rate of commodity inflation to be in the low-single digits in 2024.

The increase in retail cost of goods sold as a percentage of retail revenue in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year resulted primarily from higher freight expense partially offset by a decrease in the provision for obsolete inventory.

Labor and Related Expenses

Labor and related expenses include all direct and indirect labor and related costs incurred in store operations.  The following table highlights labor and related expenses as a percentage of total revenue for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year:

This percentage change for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year resulted primarily from the following:

The increases in store hourly labor and store management compensation as a percentage of total revenue for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year resulted primarily from higher staffing levels and the investment of additional labor hours to improve the guest experience.

We presently expect the rate of wage inflation to be in the mid-single digits in 2024.

The increase in employee health care expenses as a percentage of total revenue for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year resulted primarily from higher claims.

Other Store Operating Expenses

Other store operating expenses include all store-level operating costs, the major components of which are occupancy costs, operating supplies, advertising, third-party delivery fees, credit and gift card fees, real and personal property taxes and general insurance.  Occupancy costs include maintenance, utilities, depreciation and rent.

The following table highlights other store operating expenses as a percentage of total revenue for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year:

This percentage change for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year resulted primarily from the following:

The increase in advertising expense as a percentage of total revenue for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year resulted primarily from higher media spending and costs associated with the launch of Cracker Barrel Rewards, our new customer loyalty program.  Higher media spending also reflected a shift in the timing of holiday television advertising which occurred in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the second quarter in the prior year.

The increase in store occupancy costs as a percentage of total revenue for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year was primarily due to deleveraging resulting from a decrease in total revenue in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year.

The increase in general insurance expense as a percentage of total revenue for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year was primarily driven by higher claims.

General and Administrative Expenses

 

The following table highlights general and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenue for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year:

The increase in general administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenue in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year resulted primarily from severance costs related to corporate restructuring.

Interest Expense, Net

The following table highlights interest expense in dollars for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year:

The increase in interest expense for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year resulted primarily from higher average weighted interest rates under our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility (as defined below).

 

Provision for Income Taxes

The following table highlights the provision for income taxes as a percentage of income before income taxes (“effective tax rate”) for the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year:

The increase in the effective tax rate in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year was primarily due to the tax deficiency related to equity compensation and the disproportionate impact on the rate resulting from lower earnings in the current year period partially offset by the disproportionate benefit of employment credits in relation to income before taxes in the current year period.

We presently expect our effective tax rate for 2024 to be approximately 2% to 5%.

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash generated from our operations and our borrowing capacity under our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility.  Our internally generated cash, along with cash on hand at July 28, 2023 and borrowings under our revolving credit facility, were sufficient to finance all of our growth, dividend payments, working capital needs, interest payments under our revolving credit facility and other cash payment obligations in the first three months of 2024.  We believe that cash on hand at October 27, 2023, along with cash expected to be generated from our operating activities and the borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility, will be sufficient to finance our continuing operations, our continuing expansion plans and working capital needs over the next twelve months.  We believe that cash expected to be generated from our operating activities and the borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to finance our continuing operations, dividend payments, capital expenditures, interest expense on long-term debt obligations, operating lease obligations, continuing expansion plans and working capital needs beyond the next twelve months.  Our ability to draw on our revolving credit facility is subject to the satisfaction of provisions of the credit facility, as amended, and we believe we will be able to refinance our revolving credit facility and other debt instruments prior to their maturity.

Cash Used In Operations

Our operating activities used net cash of $15,797 for the first three months of 2024 as compared to $600 net cash used during the first three months of 2023.  This change resulted primarily from lower net income and higher bonus payments made in the first quarter of 2024 as a result of the prior year’s performance.

Borrowing Capacity, Debt Covenants and Notes

On June 17, 2022, we entered into a five-year $700,000 revolving credit facility (the “2022 Revolving Credit Facility”) with substantially the same terms and financial covenants as our previous amended $800,000 revolving credit facility.  The 2022 Revolving Credit Facility also contains an option for the Company to increase the revolving credit facility by $200,000.

 

At October 27, 2023, we had $180,000 of outstanding borrowings under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility and $32,466 of standby letters of credit related to securing reserved claims under our workers’ compensation insurance and certain sale and leaseback transactions, which reduce our borrowing availability under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility.  At October 27, 2023, we had $487,534 in borrowing availability under our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility.  During the first three months of 2024, we borrowed $156,000 and repaid $96,000 under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility.  See Note 4 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on our long-term debt.

 

Our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility contains customary financial covenants, which include maintenance of a maximum consolidated total senior secured leverage ratio and a minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio.  We were in compliance with the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility’s financial covenants at October 27, 2023, and we expect to be in compliance with the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility’s financial covenants for the remaining term of the facility.

 

On June 18, 2021, the Company entered into an issuance and sale of $300,000 aggregate principal amount of 0.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026.  The Notes are senior, unsecured obligations of the Company and bear cash interest at a rate of 0.625% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, which initiated on December 15, 2021.  The Notes mature on June 15, 2026, unless earlier converted, repurchased or redeemed.

Capital Expenditures and Proceeds from Sale of Property and Equipment

Capital expenditures (purchase of property and equipment) net of proceeds from insurance recoveries were $24,637 for the first three months of 2024 as compared to $21,626 for the same period in the prior year.  Our capital expenditures consisted primarily of capital investments for existing stores, new store locations and capital expenditures for strategic initiatives.  The increase in capital expenditures in the first three months of 2024 as compared to the first three months of 2023 resulted primarily from increased capital expenditures for existing stores.  We estimate that our capital expenditures during 2024 will be approximately $120,000 to $135,000.  This estimate includes the acquisition of sites and construction costs of new Cracker Barrel and MSBC locations that have opened or that we expect to open during 2024, as well as for acquisition and construction costs for new Cracker Barrel and MSBC locations that we plan to open in 2025.  We intend to fund our capital expenditures with cash generated by operations and borrowings under our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility, as necessary.

Dividends, Share Repurchases and Share-Based Compensation Awards

Our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility imposes restrictions on the amount of dividends we are permitted to pay and the amount of shares we are permitted to repurchase.  Under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility, provided there is no default existing and the total of our availability under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility plus our cash and cash equivalents on hand is at least $100,000 (the “Cash Availability”), we may declare and pay cash dividends on shares of our common stock and repurchase shares of our common stock (1) in an unlimited amount if at the time the dividend or the repurchase is made our consolidated total senior secured leverage ratio is 2.75 to 1.00 or less and (2) in an aggregate amount not to exceed $100,000 in any fiscal year if our consolidated total leverage ratio is greater than 2.75 to 1.00 at the time the dividend or repurchase is made; notwithstanding (1) and (2), so long as immediately after giving effect to the payment of any such dividends, Cash Availability is at least $100,000, we may declare and pay cash dividends on shares of our common stock in an aggregate amount not to exceed in any fiscal year the product of the aggregate amount of dividends declared in the fourth quarter of the immediately preceding fiscal year multiplied by four.

 

During the first three months of 2024, we paid a regular dividend of $1.30 per share and declared a dividend of $1.30 per share that was subsequently paid on November 7, 2023, to shareholders of record on October 20, 2023.  In addition, in the second quarter of 2024, our Board of Directors approved a regular dividend payable on February 13, 2024 to shareholders of record on January 19, 2024 of $1.30 per share.

 

On June 2, 2023, our Board of Directors renewed until June 2, 2024 our authorization to repurchase shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock at management’s discretion up to a total value of $200,000.    We did not repurchase any shares of our common stock in the first quarter of 2024.

During the first three months of 2024, we issued 31,487 shares of our common stock resulting from the vesting of share-based compensation awards.  Related tax withholding payments on these share-based compensation awards resulted in a net use of cash of $1,501.

Working Capital

In the restaurant industry, virtually all sales are either for third-party credit or debit card or cash.   Restaurant inventories purchased through our principal food distributor are on terms of net zero days, while restaurant inventories purchased locally are generally financed from normal trade credit.  Because of our retail gift shops, which have a lower product turnover than the restaurant business, we carry larger inventories than many other companies in the restaurant industry.  Retail inventories purchased domestically are generally financed from normal trade credit, while imported retail inventories are generally purchased through wire transfers.  These various trade terms are aided by the rapid turnover of the restaurant inventory.  Employees generally are paid on weekly or semi-monthly schedules in arrears for hours worked except for bonuses that are paid either quarterly or annually in arrears.  Many other operating expenses have normal trade terms and certain expenses, such as certain taxes and some benefits, are deferred for longer periods of time.

We had negative working capital of $174,209 at October 27, 2023 as compared to negative working capital of $206,679 at July 28, 2023.  The change in working capital at October 27, 2023 as compared to July 28, 2023 primarily resulted from the timing of payments for accounts payable and higher retail inventories which reflect our normal seasonal build of retail inventory to support our expected holiday sales.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no material off-balance sheet arrangements.

Material Commitments

There have been no material changes in our material commitments other than in the ordinary course of business since the end of 2023.  Refer to the sub-section entitled “Material Commitments” under the section entitled “Liquidity and Capital Resources” presented in the MD&A of our 2023 Form 10-K for additional information regarding our material commitments.

We prepare our Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions about future events and apply judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses and related disclosures.  We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, current trends, outside advice from parties believed to be experts in such matters, and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.  However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from those assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material.

 

Our significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained in the 2023 Form 10-K.  Judgments and uncertainties affecting the application of those policies may result in materially different amounts being reported under different conditions or using different assumptions.

Critical accounting estimates are those that:

We consider the following accounting estimates to be most critical in understanding the judgments that are involved in preparing our Consolidated Financial Statements:

Management has reviewed these critical accounting estimates and related disclosures with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors.

 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

We assess the impairment of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable.  Recoverability of assets is measured by comparing the carrying value of the asset to the undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset.  If the total expected future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, the carrying value is written down, for an asset to be held and used, to the estimated fair value or, for an asset to be disposed of, to the fair value, net of estimated costs of disposal.  Any loss resulting from impairment is recognized by a charge to income.  Judgments and estimates that we make related to the expected useful lives of long-lived assets and future cash flows are affected by factors such as changes in economic conditions and changes in operating performance.  The accuracy of such provisions can vary materially from original estimates and management regularly monitors the adequacy of the provisions until final disposition occurs.

 

We have not made any material changes in our methodology for assessing impairments during the first three months of 2024, and we do not believe that there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions used by us in the future to assess impairment of long-lived assets.  However, if actual results are not consistent with our estimates and assumptions used in estimating future cash flows and fair values of long-lived assets, we may be exposed to losses that could be material.

Insurance Reserves

We self-insure a significant portion of our expected workers’ compensation and general liability insurance programs.  We purchase insurance for individual workers’ compensation claims that exceed $750 or $1,000 depending on the state in which the claim originated.  We purchase insurance for individual general liability claims that exceed $500.  We record a reserve for workers’ compensation and general liability for all unresolved claims and for an estimate of incurred but not reported (“IBNR”) claims.  These reserves and estimates of IBNR claims are based upon a full scope actuarial study which is performed annually at the end of our first quarter and is adjusted by the actuarially determined losses and actual claims payments for the fourth quarter.  Additionally, we perform limited scope actuarial studies on a quarterly basis to verify and/or modify our reserves.  The reserves and losses in the actuarial study represent a range of possible outcomes within which no given estimate is more likely than any other estimate.  As such, we record the losses in the lower half of that range and discount them to present value using a risk-free interest rate based on projected timing of payments.  We also monitor actual claims development, including incurrence or settlement of individual large claims during the interim periods between actuarial studies as another means of estimating the adequacy of our reserves.

 

Our group health plans combine the use of self-insured and fully-insured programs.  Benefits for any individual (employee or dependents) in the self-insured group health program are limited.  We record a liability for the self-insured portion of our group health program for all unpaid claims based upon a loss development analysis derived from actual group health claims payment experience.  Additionally, we record a liability for unpaid prescription drug claims based on historical experience.

Our accounting policies regarding insurance reserves include certain actuarial assumptions and management judgments regarding economic conditions, the frequency and severity of claims and claim development history and settlement practices.  We have not made any material changes in the methodology used to establish our insurance reserves during the first three months of 2024 and do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions used to calculate the insurance reserves.  However, changes in these actuarial assumptions, management judgments or claims experience in the future may produce materially different amounts of expense that would be reported under these insurance programs.

Retail Inventory Valuation

Cost of goods sold includes the cost of retail merchandise sold at our stores utilizing the retail inventory method (“RIM”).  Under RIM, the valuation of our retail inventories is determined by applying a cost-to-retail ratio to the retail value of our inventories.  Inherent in the RIM calculation are certain inputs, including initial markons, markups, markdowns and shrinkage, which may significantly impact the gross margin calculation as well as the ending inventory valuation.

Inventory valuation provisions are included for retail inventory obsolescence and retail inventory shrinkage.  Retail inventory is reviewed on a quarterly basis for obsolescence and adjusted as appropriate based on assumptions made by management and judgment regarding inventory aging and future promotional activities.  Retail inventory also includes an estimate of shrinkage that is adjusted upon physical inventory counts.  Annual physical inventory counts are conducted based upon a cyclical inventory schedule.  An estimate of shrinkage is recorded for the time period between physical inventory counts by using a two-year average of the physical inventories’ results on a store-by-store basis.

 

We have not made any material changes in the methodologies, estimates or assumptions related to our merchandise inventories during the first three months of 2024 and do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions in the future.  However, actual obsolescence or shrinkage recorded may produce materially different amounts than we have estimated.

Lease Accounting

We have ground leases for our leased stores and office space leases that are recorded as operating leases under various non-cancellable operating leases.  Additionally, we lease our retail distribution center, advertising billboards, vehicle fleets, and certain equipment under various non-cancellable operating leases.

We evaluate our leases at contract inception to determine whether we have the right to control use of the identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.  If we determine that we have the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefit from use of the identified asset and the right to direct the use of the identified asset, we recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability.  Also, at contract inception, we evaluate our leases to estimate their expected term which includes renewal options that we are reasonably assured that we will exercise, and the classification of the lease as either an operating lease or a finance lease.  Additionally, as our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the time of commencement or modification date in determining the present value of lease payments.  Assumptions used in determining our incremental borrowing rate include our implied credit rating and an estimate of secured borrowing rates based on comparable market data.  We assess the impairment of the right-of-use asset whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable.

Changes in these assumptions and management judgments may produce materially different amounts in the recognition of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities.  Additionally, any loss resulting from an impairment of the right-of-use assets is recognized by a charge to income, which could be material.

ITEM 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no material changes in our quantitative and qualitative market risks since July 28, 2023.  For a discussion of the Company’s exposure to market risk, refer to the Company’s market risk disclosures set forth in Part II, Item 7A. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” of the 2023 Form 10-K.

 

Interest Rate Risk.  We have interest rate risk relative to our outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility.  At October 27, 2023, our outstanding borrowings totaled $180,000 under our 2022 Revolving Credit Facility (see Note 4 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements).  Loans under the 2022 Revolving Credit Facility bear interest, at our election, either at (1) the Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) or (2) a base rate equal to the greater of (i) the prime rate, (ii) a rate that is 0.5% in excess of the Federal Funds Rate, and (iii) Term SOFR plus 1.0%, in each case plus an applicable margin based on the Company’s consolidated total leverage ratio.  Our policy has been to manage interest cost using a mix of fixed and variable rate debt (see Notes 4 and 8 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements).  In the fourth quarter of 2021, we issued and sold the 0.625% Convertible Senior Notes due in 2026 (the “Notes”).  The impact of a one-percentage point increase or decrease in the $180,000 of our outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility is approximately $1,800 on a pre-tax annualized basis.

 

Credit Risk.  In the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company issued the Notes and entered into the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions and the Warrant Transactions with the Hedge Counterparties.  Subject to the changes in the market price of the Company’s common stock price, the Company could be exposed to credit risk arising out of the net settlement of the Convertible Note Hedge Transactions and the Warrant Transactions in its favor.  Based on the Company’s review of the possible net settlements and the creditworthiness of the Hedge Counterparties and their affiliates, the Company believes it does not have a material exposure to credit risk as a result of these transactions at this time.

 

ITEM 4.

Controls and Procedures

Our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report.  Based upon this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer each concluded that as of October 27, 2023, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective for the purposes set forth in the definition thereof in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e).

There have been no changes (including corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses) during the quarter ended October 27, 2023 in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1A.

Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in the risk factors previously disclosed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our 2023 Form 10-K.

ITEM 5.

Other Information

During the quarter ended October 27, 2023, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (in each case, as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K).

ITEM 6.

Exhibits

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

CRACKER BARREL OLD COUNTRY STORE, INC.

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